面向制造的通用飞机数字化设计方法研究

为提高装配图纸对生产的可指导性,实现总装物料与图纸的层级对应,同时减少详细设计阶段各专业的冲突,对面向制造的通用飞机数字化设计方法进行了研究。结合生产工艺流程进行总体方案设计,确定总体参数;以装配流程为建模结构,在按需求配置的协同设计平台中搭建总体骨架,进而开展详细三维建模工作。通过实际机型的三维建模证明,此种建模方式下设计过程中的模型冲突得到了即时解决,各分工位设计实时关联,设计图纸可直接指导生产装配,大幅度缩短了研发周期。     

航空发动机产品可制造性评估的应用研究

旨在为国内军品研制生产过程中应用可制造性评估提供必要参考,系统分析和总结了国外开展产品设计可制造性评估工作模式、方法和流程,重点描述了与英美等国外知名企业的合作和实践过程,特别是开展同步研发工作。结果表明:在传统串行设计开发模式中,只有完成上阶段工作,才能进入下阶段的工作及交换成套信息。而在可制造性评估中由于将制造工艺要求和质量要求提前引入产品设计过程,避免了传统模式中后期意见无法贯入设计图样和设计文件现象,证明其在缩短研制周期和降低成本方面是有帮助的。有必要将可制造性评估工作在国内航空发动机产品设计-制造产业链中推广应用。     

事理图谱赋能的航空数据智能技术研究

大数据、人工智能等新一代信息技术对航空制造业数字化转型具有重要推动作用。针对航空制造业数据多源异构、样本少、强关联等特征,利用知识图谱等新一代知识工程技术对数据的结构化描述、高效管理的能力,提出基于事理图谱的航空数据智能技术体系和分析流程,重点研究面向航空领域数据的本体建模、事件关系识别、事件抽取、事件消歧等技术方法,并选择某单位航空产品开展质量问题原因分类、质量事理图谱构建、事理知识推送等应用及原型系统建设,辅助进行质量问题审理,推动质量问题快速反应。结果表明：利用数据和知识开展数据智能化质量管理的技术体系和路径可行,基于事理图谱的质量知识抽取算法具有较强的实用性,为推进航空制造业全生命周期全过程数据智能化应用提供支撑。     

Review on residual stress and its effects on manufacturing of aluminium alloy structural panels with typical multi-processes

In the aerospace industry, integrated aluminium alloy plates and stiffened panels with high accuracy and performance attract significant interest. To manufacture these panels as integrity with high accuracy, multiple processes need to be utilised, such as machining, welding and forming. During the whole manufacturing chain, residual stresses can be generated and redistributed in the components among different processes. The residual stress would significantly affect the shapes and properties of the final products. Currently, these great effects are not well considered in the design and manufacturing processes. This paper aims to draw a general understanding of the residual stress generated in the pre-manufacturing processes and its effects on subsequent manufacturing processes. The mechanisms and distributions of residual stresses generated in typical pre-manufacturing processes of structural panels, including machining, welding and additive manufacturing (AM), are firstly summarised. The detailed effects of generated residual stresses on distortion and application properties in subsequent manufacturing processes are then concluded. In addition, current methods developed for the investigation of residual stress effect in multi-processes manufacturing are critically reviewed, including experimental, analytical, finite element (FE) and machine learning methods. Furthermore, the future development trend of methods for residual stress consideration and control in the design of manufacturing processes is summarised, providing comprehensive guidance to achieve the high accurate manufacturing of aluminium alloy structural components.     

5G技术在航空制造领域的应用研究

第五代移动通信(5G)作为下一个万亿元规模的战略性新兴产业,已引起全球各国的广泛重视和竞相角逐。5G技术的意义不仅限于提升传输速率,同时也将丰富各类场景应用,为各行各业的数字化转型提供通信技术支持。梳理了5G技术在航空制造业的具体应用和影响。可以预见,在不远的将来,5G将有力引领航空制造业的转型和升级。     

激光熔化沉积15-5PH沉淀硬化不锈钢组织及拉伸性能

利用激光熔化沉积技术制备15-5PH沉淀硬化不锈钢板,利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、电子探针(EPMA)技术,对沉积态组织进行分析,测试沉积态组织的室温拉伸性能。结果表明:激光熔化沉积15-5PH不锈钢沉积态组织由沿沉积增高方向贯穿多层外延生长的柱状晶组成,柱状晶内包含多个细长整齐排列的胞状树枝晶,枝晶内为马氏体组织,枝晶间为铁素体;沉积态组织中弥散分布大量细小的NbC析出相,尺寸12～20 nm;15-5PH不锈钢沉积态组织具有良好的力学性能,纵向抗拉强度和延伸率分别为1 128.5 MPa和14.0%,横向抗拉强度和延伸率分别为1 101 MPa和12.25%。     

Collaborative manufacturing technologies of structure shape and surface integrity for complex thin-walled components of aero-engine: Status,challenge and tendency

Presently, the service performance of new-generation high-tech equipment is directly affected by the manufacturing quality of complex thin-walled components. A high-efficiency and quality manufacturing of these complex thin-walled components creates a bottleneck that needs to be solved urgently in machinery manufacturing. To address this problem, the collaborative manufacturing of structure shape and surface integrity has emerged as a new process that can shorten processing cycles, improve machining qualities, and reduce costs. This paper summarises the research status on the material removal mechanism, precision control of structure shape, machined surface integrity control and intelligent process control technology of complex thin-walled components. Numerous solutions and technical approaches are then put forward to solve the critical problems in the high-performance manufacturing of complex thin-wall components. The development status, challenge and tendency of collaborative manufacturing technologies in the high-efficiency and quality manufacturing of complex thin-wall components is also discussed.     

GH3625合金激光直接成形工艺

为了研究工艺参数对金属激光直接成形零件质量的影响,通过正交试验的方法对单道单层GH3625合金激光直接成形工艺进行了研究,主要探究了激光功率、扫描速度、送粉速度等参数对单道单层成形截面宽度和高度的影响规律,提出预测模型并做了验证。结果表明,在单道单层成形中,激光功率、送粉速度、扫描速度等工艺参数对单道宽度和高度具有不同程度的影响,其中,对于单道成形宽度和高度来讲,扫描速度对其影响最为明显。试验验证结果表明借助Minitab软件得到的线性回归模型是有效的。     

激光熔化沉积快速成形TC4钛合金的焊接性能

为了探索激光熔化沉积快速成形技术制备TC4钛合金的焊接性能,分别采用电子束焊、激光焊两种方法制备接头试样,并借助金相、硬度试验等方法获得接头力学性能、显微组织及硬度。结果表明:两种焊接方法得到的接头抗拉强度最高达953 MPa,焊接系数均0.9;激光和电子束焊接焊缝为网篮状α'相马氏体组织,热影响区为α相和针状马氏体组织组成。激光熔化沉积快速成形TC4钛合金和传统工艺制造的TC4钛合金在焊接特性方面表现相当。     

波音公司生产性物流运输研究

"主制造商-供应商"模式下民机研制的全球化程度越来越高,为了完成民机产品的最终总装,波音、空客需要将来自全球各地的零部件运输到相应的部段装配线,完成部段装配后还需将其进一步运送至总装厂。供应网络的全球化加上主制造商自身工厂分布的分散性,使得民机研制过程中零部件的运输工作变得更为复杂和难以控制。通过调研分析波音公司在民机研制过程中的生产性物流运输业务运作模式,总结其物流运输业务的运作经验,以期有所借鉴。